Transformasi Digital dalam Pelayanan Gereja: Tinjauan Teologis, Hukum, dan Sistem Informasi

Abstract

Digital transformation has become an inevitable necessity for church ministry; however, the integration of theology, law, and technology remains fragmented. This study aims to formulate a holistic model of church digital transformation through a systematic literature review of the Bible, Indonesia’s Electronic Information and Transactions Law (Law No. 1 of 2024), and contemporary information systems literature. The findings reveal theological legitimacy grounded in the Great Commission (Matthew 28:19–20) and Paul’s contextualization approach (1 Corinthians 9:22), legal certainty provided by Indonesia’s cyber regulations, and the technical effectiveness of Agile/Scrum methodologies and Flutter/Firebase frameworks in congregation management. The novelty of this study lies in the proposed Tri-Integrative Model, which unites Theology, Law, and Information Systems as synergistic pillars. The study concludes that church digital transformation should be grounded in Scripture, compliant with applicable regulations, and supported by a reliable technological architecture to remain relevant in the Society 5.0 era without compromising spirituality.